/*
 * Copyright © 2011 Mozilla Foundation
 *
 * This program is made available under an ISC-style license.  See the
 * accompanying file LICENSE for details.
 */
#undef NDEBUG

#include <TargetConditionals.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <mach/mach_time.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <AudioUnit/AudioUnit.h>
#if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
#include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
#include <CoreAudio/AudioHardware.h>
#include <CoreAudio/HostTime.h>
#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
#endif
#include <CoreAudio/CoreAudioTypes.h>
#include <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>
#include "cubeb/cubeb.h"
#include "cubeb-internal.h"
#include "cubeb_mixer.h"
#include "cubeb_panner.h"
#if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
#include "cubeb_osx_run_loop.h"
#endif
#include "cubeb_resampler.h"
#include "cubeb_ring_array.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <vector>
#include <sys/time.h>

#if MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < 101000
typedef UInt32 AudioFormatFlags;
#endif

#define AU_OUT_BUS    0
#define AU_IN_BUS     1

const char * DISPATCH_QUEUE_LABEL = "org.mozilla.cubeb";

#ifdef ALOGV
#undef ALOGV
#endif
#define ALOGV(msg, ...) dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH, 0), ^{LOGV(msg, ##__VA_ARGS__);})

#ifdef ALOG
#undef ALOG
#endif
#define ALOG(msg, ...) dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH, 0), ^{LOG(msg, ##__VA_ARGS__);})

/* Testing empirically, some headsets report a minimal latency that is very
 * low, but this does not work in practice. Lie and say the minimum is 256
 * frames. */
const uint32_t SAFE_MIN_LATENCY_FRAMES = 256;
const uint32_t SAFE_MAX_LATENCY_FRAMES = 512;

void audiounit_stream_stop_internal(cubeb_stream * stm);
void audiounit_stream_start_internal(cubeb_stream * stm);
static void audiounit_close_stream(cubeb_stream *stm);
static int audiounit_setup_stream(cubeb_stream *stm);

extern cubeb_ops const audiounit_ops;

struct cubeb {
  cubeb_ops const * ops = &audiounit_ops;
  owned_critical_section mutex;
  std::atomic<int> active_streams{ 0 };
  uint32_t global_latency_frames = 0;
  cubeb_device_collection_changed_callback collection_changed_callback = nullptr;
  void * collection_changed_user_ptr = nullptr;
  /* Differentiate input from output devices. */
  cubeb_device_type collection_changed_devtype = CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
  std::vector<AudioObjectID> devtype_device_array;
  // The queue is asynchronously deallocated once all references to it are released
  dispatch_queue_t serial_queue = dispatch_queue_create(DISPATCH_QUEUE_LABEL, DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
  // Current used channel layout
  cubeb_channel_layout layout;
};

static std::unique_ptr<AudioChannelLayout, decltype(&free)>
make_sized_audio_channel_layout(size_t sz)
{
    assert(sz >= sizeof(AudioChannelLayout));
    AudioChannelLayout * acl = reinterpret_cast<AudioChannelLayout *>(calloc(1, sz));
    assert(acl); // Assert the allocation works.
    return std::unique_ptr<AudioChannelLayout, decltype(&free)>(acl, free);
}

enum io_side {
  INPUT,
  OUTPUT,
};

static char const *
to_string(io_side side)
{
  switch (side) {
  case INPUT:
    return "input";
  case OUTPUT:
    return "output";
  }
}

struct cubeb_stream {
  explicit cubeb_stream(cubeb * context);

  cubeb * context;
  cubeb_data_callback data_callback = nullptr;
  cubeb_state_callback state_callback = nullptr;
  cubeb_device_changed_callback device_changed_callback = nullptr;
  /* Stream creation parameters */
  cubeb_stream_params input_stream_params = { CUBEB_SAMPLE_FLOAT32NE, 0, 0, CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED };
  cubeb_stream_params output_stream_params = { CUBEB_SAMPLE_FLOAT32NE, 0, 0, CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED };
  bool is_default_input;
  AudioDeviceID input_device = 0;
  AudioDeviceID output_device = 0;
  /* User pointer of data_callback */
  void * user_ptr = nullptr;
  /* Format descriptions */
  AudioStreamBasicDescription input_desc;
  AudioStreamBasicDescription output_desc;
  /* I/O AudioUnits */
  AudioUnit input_unit = nullptr;
  AudioUnit output_unit = nullptr;
  /* I/O device sample rate */
  Float64 input_hw_rate = 0;
  Float64 output_hw_rate = 0;
  /* Expected I/O thread interleave,
   * calculated from I/O hw rate. */
  int expected_output_callbacks_in_a_row = 0;
  owned_critical_section mutex;
  /* Hold the input samples in every
   * input callback iteration */
  std::unique_ptr<auto_array_wrapper> input_linear_buffer;
  owned_critical_section input_linear_buffer_lock;
  // After the resampling some input data remains stored inside
  // the resampler. This number is used in order to calculate
  // the number of extra silence frames in input.
  std::atomic<uint32_t> available_input_frames{ 0 };
  /* Frames on input buffer */
  std::atomic<uint32_t> input_buffer_frames{ 0 };
  /* Frame counters */
  std::atomic<uint64_t> frames_played{ 0 };
  uint64_t frames_queued = 0;
  std::atomic<int64_t> frames_read{ 0 };
  std::atomic<bool> shutdown{ true };
  std::atomic<bool> draining{ false };
  /* Latency requested by the user. */
  uint32_t latency_frames = 0;
  std::atomic<uint64_t> current_latency_frames{ 0 };
  uint64_t hw_latency_frames = UINT64_MAX;
  std::atomic<float> panning{ 0 };
  std::unique_ptr<cubeb_resampler, decltype(&cubeb_resampler_destroy)> resampler;
  /* This is true if a device change callback is currently running.  */
  std::atomic<bool> switching_device{ false };
  std::atomic<bool> buffer_size_change_state{ false };
  AudioDeviceID aggregate_device_id = 0;    // the aggregate device id
  AudioObjectID plugin_id = 0;              // used to create aggregate device
  /* Mixer interface */
  std::unique_ptr<cubeb_mixer, decltype(&cubeb_mixer_destroy)> mixer;
};

bool has_input(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  return stm->input_stream_params.rate != 0;
}

bool has_output(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  return stm->output_stream_params.rate != 0;
}

cubeb_channel
channel_label_to_cubeb_channel(UInt32 label)
{
  switch (label) {
    case kAudioChannelLabel_Mono: return CHANNEL_MONO;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_Left: return CHANNEL_LEFT;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_Right: return CHANNEL_RIGHT;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_Center: return CHANNEL_CENTER;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_LFEScreen: return CHANNEL_LFE;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_LeftSurround: return CHANNEL_LS;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_RightSurround: return CHANNEL_RS;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_RearSurroundLeft: return CHANNEL_RLS;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_RearSurroundRight: return CHANNEL_RRS;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_CenterSurround: return CHANNEL_RCENTER;
    case kAudioChannelLabel_Unknown: return CHANNEL_UNMAPPED;
    default: return CHANNEL_INVALID;
  }
}

AudioChannelLabel
cubeb_channel_to_channel_label(cubeb_channel channel)
{
  switch (channel) {
    case CHANNEL_MONO: return kAudioChannelLabel_Mono;
    case CHANNEL_LEFT: return kAudioChannelLabel_Left;
    case CHANNEL_RIGHT: return kAudioChannelLabel_Right;
    case CHANNEL_CENTER: return kAudioChannelLabel_Center;
    case CHANNEL_LFE: return kAudioChannelLabel_LFEScreen;
    case CHANNEL_LS: return kAudioChannelLabel_LeftSurround;
    case CHANNEL_RS: return kAudioChannelLabel_RightSurround;
    case CHANNEL_RLS: return kAudioChannelLabel_RearSurroundLeft;
    case CHANNEL_RRS: return kAudioChannelLabel_RearSurroundRight;
    case CHANNEL_RCENTER: return kAudioChannelLabel_CenterSurround;
    case CHANNEL_UNMAPPED: return kAudioChannelLabel_Unknown;
    default: return kAudioChannelLabel_Unknown;
  }
}

#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
typedef UInt32 AudioDeviceID;
typedef UInt32 AudioObjectID;

#define AudioGetCurrentHostTime mach_absolute_time

uint64_t
AudioConvertHostTimeToNanos(uint64_t host_time)
{
  static struct mach_timebase_info timebase_info;
  static bool initialized = false;
  if (!initialized) {
    mach_timebase_info(&timebase_info);
    initialized = true;
  }

  long double answer = host_time;
  if (timebase_info.numer != timebase_info.denom) {
    answer *= timebase_info.numer;
    answer /= timebase_info.denom;
  }
  return (uint64_t)answer;
}
#endif

static int64_t
audiotimestamp_to_latency(AudioTimeStamp const * tstamp, cubeb_stream * stream)
{
  if (!(tstamp->mFlags & kAudioTimeStampHostTimeValid)) {
    return 0;
  }

  uint64_t pres = AudioConvertHostTimeToNanos(tstamp->mHostTime);
  uint64_t now = AudioConvertHostTimeToNanos(AudioGetCurrentHostTime());

  return ((pres - now) * stream->output_desc.mSampleRate) / 1000000000LL;
}

static void
audiounit_set_global_latency(cubeb_stream * stm, uint32_t latency_frames)
{
  stm->mutex.assert_current_thread_owns();
  assert(stm->context->active_streams == 1);
  stm->context->global_latency_frames = latency_frames;
}

static void
audiounit_make_silent(AudioBuffer * ioData)
{
  assert(ioData);
  assert(ioData->mData);
  memset(ioData->mData, 0, ioData->mDataByteSize);
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_render_input(cubeb_stream * stm,
                       AudioUnitRenderActionFlags * flags,
                       AudioTimeStamp const * tstamp,
                       UInt32 bus,
                       UInt32 input_frames)
{
  /* Create the AudioBufferList to store input. */
  AudioBufferList input_buffer_list;
  input_buffer_list.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize =
      stm->input_desc.mBytesPerFrame * input_frames;
  input_buffer_list.mBuffers[0].mData = nullptr;
  input_buffer_list.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = stm->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame;
  input_buffer_list.mNumberBuffers = 1;

  /* Render input samples */
  OSStatus r = AudioUnitRender(stm->input_unit,
                               flags,
                               tstamp,
                               bus,
                               input_frames,
                               &input_buffer_list);

  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitRender rv=%d", r);
    return r;
  }

  /* Copy input data in linear buffer. */
  {
    auto_lock l(stm->input_linear_buffer_lock);
    stm->input_linear_buffer->push(input_buffer_list.mBuffers[0].mData,
                                   input_frames * stm->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame);
  }

  /* Advance input frame counter. */
  assert(input_frames > 0);
  stm->frames_read += input_frames;
  stm->available_input_frames += input_frames;

  ALOGV("(%p) input: buffers %u, size %u, channels %u, rendered frames %d, total frames %d.",
       stm,
       (unsigned int) input_buffer_list.mNumberBuffers,
       (unsigned int) input_buffer_list.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize,
       (unsigned int) input_buffer_list.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels,
       (unsigned int) input_frames,
        stm->available_input_frames.load());

  return noErr;
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_input_callback(void * user_ptr,
                         AudioUnitRenderActionFlags * flags,
                         AudioTimeStamp const * tstamp,
                         UInt32 bus,
                         UInt32 input_frames,
                         AudioBufferList * /* bufs */)
{
  cubeb_stream * stm = static_cast<cubeb_stream *>(user_ptr);

  assert(stm->input_unit != NULL);
  assert(AU_IN_BUS == bus);

  if (stm->shutdown) {
    ALOG("(%p) input shutdown", stm);
    return noErr;
  }

  OSStatus r = audiounit_render_input(stm, flags, tstamp, bus, input_frames);
  if (r != noErr) {
    return r;
  }

  // Full Duplex. We'll call data_callback in the AudioUnit output callback.
  if (stm->output_unit != NULL) {
    return noErr;
  }

  /* Input only. Call the user callback through resampler.
     Resampler will deliver input buffer in the correct rate. */
  {
    auto_lock l(stm->input_linear_buffer_lock);
    assert(input_frames <= stm->input_linear_buffer->length() / stm->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame);
    long total_input_frames = stm->input_linear_buffer->length() / stm->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame;
    long outframes = cubeb_resampler_fill(stm->resampler.get(),
                                          stm->input_linear_buffer->data(),
                                          &total_input_frames,
                                          NULL,
                                          0);
    assert(outframes >= 0);

    // Reset input buffer
    stm->input_linear_buffer->clear();
  }

  return noErr;
}

static uint32_t
minimum_resampling_input_frames(cubeb_stream *stm)
{
  return ceilf(stm->input_hw_rate / stm->output_hw_rate * stm->input_buffer_frames);
}

static bool
is_extra_input_needed(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  /* If the output callback came first and this is a duplex stream, we need to
    * fill in some additional silence in the resampler.
    * Otherwise, if we had more than expected callbacks in a row, or we're currently
    * switching, we add some silence as well to compensate for the fact that
    * we're lacking some input data. */
  return stm->frames_read == 0 ||
         stm->available_input_frames.load() < minimum_resampling_input_frames(stm);
}

static void
audiounit_mix_output_buffer(cubeb_stream * stm,
                            long output_frames,
                            void * output_buffer,
                            unsigned long output_buffer_length)
{
  cubeb_stream_params output_mixer_params = {
    stm->output_stream_params.format,
    stm->output_stream_params.rate,
    CUBEB_CHANNEL_LAYOUT_MAPS[stm->context->layout].channels,
    stm->context->layout
  };

  // The downmixing(from 5.1) supports in-place conversion, so we can use
  // the same buffer for both input and output of the mixer.
  cubeb_mixer_mix(stm->mixer.get(), output_frames,
                  output_buffer, output_buffer_length,
                  output_buffer, output_buffer_length,
                  &stm->output_stream_params, &output_mixer_params);
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_output_callback(void * user_ptr,
                          AudioUnitRenderActionFlags * /* flags */,
                          AudioTimeStamp const * tstamp,
                          UInt32 bus,
                          UInt32 output_frames,
                          AudioBufferList * outBufferList)
{
  assert(AU_OUT_BUS == bus);
  assert(outBufferList->mNumberBuffers == 1);

  cubeb_stream * stm = static_cast<cubeb_stream *>(user_ptr);

  ALOGV("(%p) output: buffers %u, size %u, channels %u, frames %u, total input frames %d.",
        stm,
        (unsigned int) outBufferList->mNumberBuffers,
        (unsigned int) outBufferList->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize,
        (unsigned int) outBufferList->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels,
        (unsigned int) output_frames,
        stm->available_input_frames.load());

  long input_frames = 0, input_frames_before_fill = 0;
  void * output_buffer = NULL, * input_buffer = NULL;

  if (stm->shutdown) {
    ALOG("(%p) output shutdown.", stm);
    audiounit_make_silent(&outBufferList->mBuffers[0]);
    return noErr;
  }

  stm->current_latency_frames = audiotimestamp_to_latency(tstamp, stm);
  if (stm->draining) {
    OSStatus r = AudioOutputUnitStop(stm->output_unit);
    assert(r == 0);
    if (stm->input_unit) {
      r = AudioOutputUnitStop(stm->input_unit);
      assert(r == 0);
    }
    stm->state_callback(stm, stm->user_ptr, CUBEB_STATE_DRAINED);
    audiounit_make_silent(&outBufferList->mBuffers[0]);
    return noErr;
  }
  /* Get output buffer. */
  output_buffer = outBufferList->mBuffers[0].mData;
  /* If Full duplex get also input buffer */
  if (stm->input_unit != NULL) {
    if (is_extra_input_needed(stm)) {
      uint32_t min_input_frames = minimum_resampling_input_frames(stm);
      {
        auto_lock l(stm->input_linear_buffer_lock);
        stm->input_linear_buffer->push_silence(min_input_frames * stm->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame);
      }
      stm->available_input_frames += min_input_frames;

      ALOG("(%p) %s pushed %u frames of input silence.", stm, stm->frames_read == 0 ? "Input hasn't started," :
           stm->switching_device ? "Device switching," : "Drop out,", min_input_frames);
    }
    input_buffer = stm->input_linear_buffer->data();
    // Number of input frames in the buffer. It will change to actually used frames
    // inside fill
    input_frames = stm->input_linear_buffer->length() / stm->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame;
    // Number of input frames pushed inside resampler.
    input_frames_before_fill = input_frames;
  }

  /* Call user callback through resampler. */
  long outframes = cubeb_resampler_fill(stm->resampler.get(),
                                        input_buffer,
                                        input_buffer ? &input_frames : NULL,
                                        output_buffer,
                                        output_frames);

  if (input_buffer) {
    // Decrease counter by the number of frames used by resampler
    stm->available_input_frames -= input_frames;
    assert(stm->available_input_frames.load() >= 0);
    // Pop from the buffer the frames pushed to the resampler.
    auto_lock l(stm->input_linear_buffer_lock);
    stm->input_linear_buffer->pop(input_frames_before_fill * stm->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame);
  }

  if (outframes < 0 || outframes > output_frames) {
    stm->shutdown = true;
    OSStatus r = AudioOutputUnitStop(stm->output_unit);
    assert(r == 0);
    if (stm->input_unit) {
      r = AudioOutputUnitStop(stm->input_unit);
      assert(r == 0);
    }
    stm->state_callback(stm, stm->user_ptr, CUBEB_STATE_ERROR);
    audiounit_make_silent(&outBufferList->mBuffers[0]);
    return noErr;
  }

  size_t outbpf = stm->output_desc.mBytesPerFrame;
  stm->draining = (UInt32) outframes < output_frames;
  stm->frames_played = stm->frames_queued;
  stm->frames_queued += outframes;

  AudioFormatFlags outaff = stm->output_desc.mFormatFlags;
  float panning = (stm->output_desc.mChannelsPerFrame == 2) ?
      stm->panning.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) : 0.0f;

  /* Post process output samples. */
  if (stm->draining) {
    /* Clear missing frames (silence) */
    memset((uint8_t*)output_buffer + outframes * outbpf, 0, (output_frames - outframes) * outbpf);
  }
  /* Pan stereo. */
  if (panning != 0.0f) {
    if (outaff & kAudioFormatFlagIsFloat) {
      cubeb_pan_stereo_buffer_float((float*)output_buffer, outframes, panning);
    } else if (outaff & kAudioFormatFlagIsSignedInteger) {
      cubeb_pan_stereo_buffer_int((short*)output_buffer, outframes, panning);
    }
  }

  /* Mixing */
  unsigned long output_buffer_length = outBufferList->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize;
  audiounit_mix_output_buffer(stm, output_frames, output_buffer, output_buffer_length);

  return noErr;
}

extern "C" {
int
audiounit_init(cubeb ** context, char const * /* context_name */)
{
#if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  cubeb_set_coreaudio_notification_runloop();
#endif

  *context = new cubeb;

  return CUBEB_OK;
}
}

static char const *
audiounit_get_backend_id(cubeb * /* ctx */)
{
  return "audiounit";
}

#if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
static int
audiounit_get_output_device_id(AudioDeviceID * device_id)
{
  UInt32 size;
  OSStatus r;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress output_device_address = {
    kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice,
    kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  size = sizeof(*device_id);

  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject,
                                 &output_device_address,
                                 0,
                                 NULL,
                                 &size,
                                 device_id);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("output_device_id rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_get_input_device_id(AudioDeviceID * device_id)
{
  UInt32 size;
  OSStatus r;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress input_device_address = {
    kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice,
    kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  size = sizeof(*device_id);

  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject,
                                 &input_device_address,
                                 0,
                                 NULL,
                                 &size,
                                 device_id);
  if (r != noErr) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int audiounit_stream_get_volume(cubeb_stream * stm, float * volume);
static int audiounit_stream_set_volume(cubeb_stream * stm, float volume);
static int audiounit_uninstall_device_changed_callback(cubeb_stream * stm);

static int
audiounit_reinit_stream(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  auto_lock context_lock(stm->context->mutex);
  if (!stm->shutdown) {
    audiounit_stream_stop_internal(stm);
  }

  int r = audiounit_uninstall_device_changed_callback(stm);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not uninstall the device changed callback", stm);
  }

  {
    auto_lock lock(stm->mutex);
    float volume = 0.0;
    int vol_rv = CUBEB_ERROR;
    if (has_output(stm)) {
      vol_rv = audiounit_stream_get_volume(stm, &volume);
    }

    audiounit_close_stream(stm);

    if (audiounit_setup_stream(stm) != CUBEB_OK) {
      LOG("(%p) Stream reinit failed.", stm);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    if (vol_rv == CUBEB_OK) {
      audiounit_stream_set_volume(stm, volume);
    }

    // Reset input frames to force new stream pre-buffer
    // silence if needed, check `is_extra_input_needed()`
    stm->frames_read = 0;

    // If the stream was running, start it again.
    if (!stm->shutdown) {
      audiounit_stream_start_internal(stm);
    }
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_property_listener_callback(AudioObjectID /* id */, UInt32 address_count,
                                     const AudioObjectPropertyAddress * addresses,
                                     void * user)
{
  cubeb_stream * stm = (cubeb_stream*) user;
  stm->switching_device = true;

  LOG("(%p) Audio device changed, %u events.", stm, (unsigned int) address_count);
  for (UInt32 i = 0; i < address_count; i++) {
    switch(addresses[i].mSelector) {
      case kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice: {
          LOG("Event[%u] - mSelector == kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice", (unsigned int) i);
          // Allow restart to choose the new default
          stm->output_device = 0;
        }
        break;
      case kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice: {
          LOG("Event[%u] - mSelector == kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice", (unsigned int) i);
          // Allow restart to choose the new default
          stm->input_device = 0;
        }
      break;
      case kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceIsAlive: {
          LOG("Event[%u] - mSelector == kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceIsAlive", (unsigned int) i);
          // If this is the default input device ignore the event,
          // kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice will take care of the switch
          if (stm->is_default_input) {
            LOG("It's the default input device, ignore the event");
            return noErr;
          }
          // Allow restart to choose the new default. Event register only for input.
          stm->input_device = 0;
        }
        break;
      case kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource: {
          LOG("Event[%u] - mSelector == kAudioHardwarePropertyDataSource", (unsigned int) i);
          return noErr;
        }
      default:
        LOG("Event[%u] - mSelector == Unexpected Event id %d, return", (unsigned int) i, addresses[i].mSelector);
        return noErr;
    }
  }

  for (UInt32 i = 0; i < address_count; i++) {
    switch(addresses[i].mSelector) {
    case kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice:
    case kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice:
    case kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceIsAlive:
      /* fall through */
    case kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource: {
        auto_lock lock(stm->mutex);
        if (stm->device_changed_callback) {
          stm->device_changed_callback(stm->user_ptr);
        }
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  // Use a new thread, through the queue, to avoid deadlock when calling
  // Get/SetProperties method from inside notify callback
  dispatch_async(stm->context->serial_queue, ^() {
    if (audiounit_reinit_stream(stm) != CUBEB_OK) {
      stm->state_callback(stm, stm->user_ptr, CUBEB_STATE_STOPPED);
      LOG("(%p) Could not reopen the stream after switching.", stm);
    }
    stm->switching_device = false;
  });

  return noErr;
}

OSStatus
audiounit_add_listener(cubeb_stream * stm, AudioDeviceID id, AudioObjectPropertySelector selector,
    AudioObjectPropertyScope scope, AudioObjectPropertyListenerProc listener)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = {
      selector,
      scope,
      kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  return AudioObjectAddPropertyListener(id, &address, listener, stm);
}

OSStatus
audiounit_remove_listener(cubeb_stream * stm, AudioDeviceID id,
                          AudioObjectPropertySelector selector,
                          AudioObjectPropertyScope scope,
                          AudioObjectPropertyListenerProc listener)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = {
      selector,
      scope,
      kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  return AudioObjectRemovePropertyListener(id, &address, listener, stm);
}

static AudioObjectID audiounit_get_default_device_id(cubeb_device_type type);

static AudioObjectID
audiounit_get_input_device_id(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  AudioObjectID input_dev = stm->input_device ? stm->input_device :
                            audiounit_get_default_device_id(CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT);
  assert(input_dev);
  return input_dev;
}

static int
audiounit_install_device_changed_callback(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  OSStatus r;

  if (stm->output_unit) {
    /* This event will notify us when the data source on the same device changes,
     * for example when the user plugs in a normal (non-usb) headset in the
     * headphone jack. */
    AudioDeviceID output_dev_id;
    r = audiounit_get_output_device_id(&output_dev_id);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    r = audiounit_add_listener(stm, output_dev_id, kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource,
        kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioObjectAddPropertyListener/output/kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if (stm->input_unit) {
    /* This event will notify us when the data source on the input device changes. */
    AudioDeviceID input_dev_id;
    r = audiounit_get_input_device_id(&input_dev_id);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    r = audiounit_add_listener(stm, input_dev_id, kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource,
        kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioObjectAddPropertyListener/input/kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    /* Event to notify when the input is going away. */
    AudioDeviceID dev = audiounit_get_input_device_id(stm);
    r = audiounit_add_listener(stm, dev, kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceIsAlive,
        kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioObjectAddPropertyListener/input/kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceIsAlive rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_install_system_changed_callback(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  OSStatus r;

  if (stm->output_unit) {
    /* This event will notify us when the default audio device changes,
     * for example when the user plugs in a USB headset and the system chooses it
     * automatically as the default, or when another device is chosen in the
     * dropdown list. */
    r = audiounit_add_listener(stm, kAudioObjectSystemObject, kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice,
                               kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioObjectAddPropertyListener/output/kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if (stm->input_unit) {
    /* This event will notify us when the default input device changes. */
    r = audiounit_add_listener(stm, kAudioObjectSystemObject, kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice,
                               kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioObjectAddPropertyListener/input/kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_uninstall_device_changed_callback(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  OSStatus r;

  if (stm->output_unit) {
    AudioDeviceID output_dev_id;
    r = audiounit_get_output_device_id(&output_dev_id);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    r = audiounit_remove_listener(stm, output_dev_id, kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource,
        kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if (stm->input_unit) {
    AudioDeviceID input_dev_id;
    r = audiounit_get_input_device_id(&input_dev_id);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    r = audiounit_remove_listener(stm, input_dev_id, kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource,
        kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    AudioDeviceID dev = audiounit_get_input_device_id(stm);
    r = audiounit_remove_listener(stm, dev, kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceIsAlive,
                                  kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioObjectRemovePropertyListener/input/kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceIsAlive rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_uninstall_system_changed_callback(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  OSStatus r;

  if (stm->output_unit) {
    r = audiounit_remove_listener(stm, kAudioObjectSystemObject, kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice,
                                  kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if (stm->input_unit) {
    r = audiounit_remove_listener(stm, kAudioObjectSystemObject, kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice,
                                  kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, &audiounit_property_listener_callback);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

/* Get the acceptable buffer size (in frames) that this device can work with. */
static int
audiounit_get_acceptable_latency_range(AudioValueRange * latency_range)
{
  UInt32 size;
  OSStatus r;
  AudioDeviceID output_device_id;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress output_device_buffer_size_range = {
    kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange,
    kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  if (audiounit_get_output_device_id(&output_device_id) != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("Could not get default output device id.");
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  /* Get the buffer size range this device supports */
  size = sizeof(*latency_range);

  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(output_device_id,
                                 &output_device_buffer_size_range,
                                 0,
                                 NULL,
                                 &size,
                                 latency_range);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectGetPropertyData/buffer size range rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}
#endif /* !TARGET_OS_IPHONE */

static AudioObjectID
audiounit_get_default_device_id(cubeb_device_type type)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { 0, kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  AudioDeviceID devid;
  UInt32 size;

  if (type == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT) {
    adr.mSelector = kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice;
  } else if (type == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT) {
    adr.mSelector = kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice;
  } else {
    return kAudioObjectUnknown;
  }

  size = sizeof(AudioDeviceID);
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &devid) != noErr) {
    return kAudioObjectUnknown;
  }

  return devid;
}

int
audiounit_get_max_channel_count(cubeb * ctx, uint32_t * max_channels)
{
#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  //TODO: [[AVAudioSession sharedInstance] maximumOutputNumberOfChannels]
  *max_channels = 2;
#else
  UInt32 size;
  OSStatus r;
  AudioDeviceID output_device_id;
  AudioStreamBasicDescription stream_format;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress stream_format_address = {
    kAudioDevicePropertyStreamFormat,
    kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  assert(ctx && max_channels);

  if (audiounit_get_output_device_id(&output_device_id) != CUBEB_OK) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  size = sizeof(stream_format);

  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(output_device_id,
                                 &stream_format_address,
                                 0,
                                 NULL,
                                 &size,
                                 &stream_format);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectPropertyAddress/StreamFormat rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  *max_channels = stream_format.mChannelsPerFrame;
#endif
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_get_min_latency(cubeb * /* ctx */,
                          cubeb_stream_params /* params */,
                          uint32_t * latency_frames)
{
#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  //TODO: [[AVAudioSession sharedInstance] inputLatency]
  return CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
#else
  AudioValueRange latency_range;
  if (audiounit_get_acceptable_latency_range(&latency_range) != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("Could not get acceptable latency range.");
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  *latency_frames = std::max<uint32_t>(latency_range.mMinimum,
                                       SAFE_MIN_LATENCY_FRAMES);
#endif

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_get_preferred_sample_rate(cubeb * /* ctx */, uint32_t * rate)
{
#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  //TODO
  return CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
#else
  UInt32 size;
  OSStatus r;
  Float64 fsamplerate;
  AudioDeviceID output_device_id;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress samplerate_address = {
    kAudioDevicePropertyNominalSampleRate,
    kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  if (audiounit_get_output_device_id(&output_device_id) != CUBEB_OK) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  size = sizeof(fsamplerate);
  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(output_device_id,
                                 &samplerate_address,
                                 0,
                                 NULL,
                                 &size,
                                 &fsamplerate);

  if (r != noErr) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  *rate = static_cast<uint32_t>(fsamplerate);
#endif
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static cubeb_channel_layout
audiounit_convert_channel_layout(AudioChannelLayout * layout)
{
  if (layout->mChannelLayoutTag != kAudioChannelLayoutTag_UseChannelDescriptions) {
    // kAudioChannelLayoutTag_UseChannelBitmap
    // kAudioChannelLayoutTag_Mono
    // kAudioChannelLayoutTag_Stereo
    // ....
    LOG("Only handle UseChannelDescriptions for now.\n");
    return CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
  }

  // This devices has more channels that we can support, bail out.
  if (layout->mNumberChannelDescriptions >= CHANNEL_MAX) {
    LOG("Audio device has more than %d channels, bailing out.", CHANNEL_MAX);
    return CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
  }

  cubeb_channel_map cm;
  cm.channels = layout->mNumberChannelDescriptions;
  for (UInt32 i = 0; i < layout->mNumberChannelDescriptions; ++i) {
    cm.map[i] = channel_label_to_cubeb_channel(layout->mChannelDescriptions[i].mChannelLabel);
  }

  return cubeb_channel_map_to_layout(&cm);
}

static cubeb_channel_layout
audiounit_get_current_channel_layout(AudioUnit output_unit)
{
  OSStatus rv = noErr;
  UInt32 size = 0;
  rv = AudioUnitGetPropertyInfo(output_unit,
                                kAudioUnitProperty_AudioChannelLayout,
                                kAudioUnitScope_Output,
                                AU_OUT_BUS,
                                &size,
                                nullptr);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitGetPropertyInfo/kAudioUnitProperty_AudioChannelLayout rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
  }
  assert(size > 0);

  auto layout = make_sized_audio_channel_layout(size);
  rv = AudioUnitGetProperty(output_unit,
                            kAudioUnitProperty_AudioChannelLayout,
                            kAudioUnitScope_Output,
                            AU_OUT_BUS,
                            layout.get(),
                            &size);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitGetProperty/kAudioUnitProperty_AudioChannelLayout rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
  }

  return audiounit_convert_channel_layout(layout.get());
}

static cubeb_channel_layout
audiounit_get_preferred_channel_layout()
{
  OSStatus rv = noErr;
  UInt32 size = 0;
  AudioDeviceID id;

  if (audiounit_get_output_device_id(&id) != CUBEB_OK) {
    return CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
  }

  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { kAudioDevicePropertyPreferredChannelLayout,
                                     kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
                                     kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(id, &adr, 0, NULL, &size);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    return CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
  }
  assert(size > 0);

  auto layout = make_sized_audio_channel_layout(size);
  rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(id, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, layout.get());
  if (rv != noErr) {
    return CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
  }

  return audiounit_convert_channel_layout(layout.get());
}

static int audiounit_create_unit(AudioUnit * unit, io_side side, AudioDeviceID device);

static int
audiounit_get_preferred_channel_layout(cubeb * ctx, cubeb_channel_layout * layout)
{
  // The preferred layout is only returned when the connected sound device
  // (e.g. ASUS Xonar U7), has preferred layout setting.
  // For default output on Mac, there is no preferred channel layout,
  // so it might return UNDEFINED.
  *layout = audiounit_get_preferred_channel_layout();

  // If the preferred channel layout is UNDEFINED, then we try to access the
  // current applied channel layout.
  if (*layout == CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED) {
    // If we already have at least one cubeb stream, then the current channel
    // layout must be updated. We can return it directly.
    if (ctx->active_streams) {
      *layout = ctx->layout;
      return CUBEB_OK;
    }

    // If there is no existed stream, then we create a default ouput unit and
    // use it to get the current used channel layout.
    AudioUnit output_unit = nullptr;
    audiounit_create_unit(&output_unit, OUTPUT, 0);
    *layout = audiounit_get_current_channel_layout(output_unit);
  }

  if (*layout == CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static OSStatus audiounit_remove_device_listener(cubeb * context);

static void
audiounit_destroy(cubeb * ctx)
{
  // Disabling this assert for bug 1083664 -- we seem to leak a stream
  // assert(ctx->active_streams == 0);
  if (ctx->active_streams > 0) {
    LOG("(%p) API misuse, %d streams active when context destroyed!", ctx, ctx->active_streams.load());
  }

  {
    auto_lock lock(ctx->mutex);
    /* Unregister the callback if necessary. */
    if (ctx->collection_changed_callback) {
      audiounit_remove_device_listener(ctx);
    }
  }

  delete ctx;
}

static void audiounit_stream_destroy(cubeb_stream * stm);

static int
audio_stream_desc_init(AudioStreamBasicDescription * ss,
                       const cubeb_stream_params * stream_params)
{
  switch (stream_params->format) {
  case CUBEB_SAMPLE_S16LE:
    ss->mBitsPerChannel = 16;
    ss->mFormatFlags = kAudioFormatFlagIsSignedInteger;
    break;
  case CUBEB_SAMPLE_S16BE:
    ss->mBitsPerChannel = 16;
    ss->mFormatFlags = kAudioFormatFlagIsSignedInteger |
      kAudioFormatFlagIsBigEndian;
    break;
  case CUBEB_SAMPLE_FLOAT32LE:
    ss->mBitsPerChannel = 32;
    ss->mFormatFlags = kAudioFormatFlagIsFloat;
    break;
  case CUBEB_SAMPLE_FLOAT32BE:
    ss->mBitsPerChannel = 32;
    ss->mFormatFlags = kAudioFormatFlagIsFloat |
      kAudioFormatFlagIsBigEndian;
    break;
  default:
    return CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_FORMAT;
  }

  ss->mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM;
  ss->mFormatFlags |= kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsPacked;
  ss->mSampleRate = stream_params->rate;
  ss->mChannelsPerFrame = stream_params->channels;

  ss->mBytesPerFrame = (ss->mBitsPerChannel / 8) * ss->mChannelsPerFrame;
  ss->mFramesPerPacket = 1;
  ss->mBytesPerPacket = ss->mBytesPerFrame * ss->mFramesPerPacket;

  ss->mReserved = 0;

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

void
audiounit_init_mixer(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  // We only handle downmixing for now.
  // The audio rendering mechanism on OS X will drop the extra channels beyond
  // the channels that audio device can provide, so we need to downmix the
  // audio data by ourselves to keep all the information.
  stm->mixer.reset(cubeb_mixer_create(stm->output_stream_params.format,
                                      CUBEB_MIXER_DIRECTION_DOWNMIX));
}

static int
audiounit_set_channel_layout(AudioUnit unit,
                             io_side side,
                             const cubeb_stream_params * stream_params)
{
  if (side != OUTPUT) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  assert(stream_params->layout != CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED);
  assert(stream_params->channels == CUBEB_CHANNEL_LAYOUT_MAPS[stream_params->layout].channels);

  OSStatus r;
  size_t size = sizeof(AudioChannelLayout);
  auto layout = make_sized_audio_channel_layout(size);

  switch (stream_params->layout) {
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_DUAL_MONO:
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_STEREO:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_Stereo;
      break;
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_MONO:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_Mono;
      break;
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_3F:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_ITU_3_0;
      break;
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_2F1:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_ITU_2_1;
      break;
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_3F1:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_ITU_3_1;
      break;
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_2F2:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_ITU_2_2;
      break;
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_3F2:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_ITU_3_2;
      break;
    case CUBEB_LAYOUT_3F2_LFE:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_AudioUnit_5_1;
      break;
    default:
      layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_Unknown;
      break;
  }

  // For those layouts that can't be matched to coreaudio's predefined layout,
  // we use customized layout.
  if (layout->mChannelLayoutTag == kAudioChannelLayoutTag_Unknown) {
    size = offsetof(AudioChannelLayout, mChannelDescriptions[stream_params->channels]);
    layout = make_sized_audio_channel_layout(size);
    layout->mChannelLayoutTag = kAudioChannelLayoutTag_UseChannelDescriptions;
    layout->mNumberChannelDescriptions = stream_params->channels;
    for (UInt32 i = 0 ; i < stream_params->channels ; ++i) {
      layout->mChannelDescriptions[i].mChannelLabel =
        cubeb_channel_to_channel_label(CHANNEL_INDEX_TO_ORDER[stream_params->layout][i]);
      layout->mChannelDescriptions[i].mChannelFlags = kAudioChannelFlags_AllOff;
    }
  }

  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_AudioChannelLayout,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Input,
                           AU_OUT_BUS,
                           layout.get(),
                           size);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/%s/kAudioUnitProperty_AudioChannelLayout rv=%d", to_string(side), r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

void
audiounit_layout_init(cubeb_stream * stm, io_side side)
{
  // We currently don't support the input layout setting.
  if (side == INPUT) {
    return;
  }

  audiounit_set_channel_layout(stm->output_unit, OUTPUT, &stm->output_stream_params);

  // Update the current used channel layout for the cubeb context.
  // Notice that this channel layout may be different from the layout we set above,
  // because OSX doesn't return error when the output device can NOT provide
  // our desired layout. Thus, we update the layout evertime when the cubeb_stream
  // is created and use it when we need to mix audio data.
  stm->context->layout = audiounit_get_current_channel_layout(stm->output_unit);
}

static std::vector<AudioObjectID>
audiounit_get_sub_devices(AudioDeviceID device_id)
{
  std::vector<AudioDeviceID> sub_devices;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress property_address = { kAudioAggregateDevicePropertyActiveSubDeviceList,
                                                  kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                                  kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  UInt32 size = 0;
  OSStatus rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(device_id,
                                               &property_address,
                                               0,
                                               nullptr,
                                               &size);

  if (rv != noErr) {
    sub_devices.push_back(device_id);
    return sub_devices;
  }

  uint32_t count = static_cast<uint32_t>(size / sizeof(AudioObjectID));
  sub_devices.resize(count);
  rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(device_id,
                                  &property_address,
                                  0,
                                  nullptr,
                                  &size,
                                  sub_devices.data());
  if (rv != noErr) {
    sub_devices.clear();
    sub_devices.push_back(device_id);
  } else {
    LOG("Found %u sub-devices", count);
  }
  return sub_devices;
}

static int
audiounit_create_blank_aggregate_device(AudioObjectID * plugin_id, AudioDeviceID * aggregate_device_id)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress address_plugin_bundle_id = { kAudioHardwarePropertyPlugInForBundleID,
                                                          kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                                          kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  UInt32 size = 0;
  OSStatus r = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(kAudioObjectSystemObject,
                                              &address_plugin_bundle_id,
                                              0, NULL,
                                              &size);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioHardwareGetPropertyInfo/kAudioHardwarePropertyPlugInForBundleID, rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  AudioValueTranslation translation_value;
  CFStringRef in_bundle_ref = CFSTR("com.apple.audio.CoreAudio");
  translation_value.mInputData = &in_bundle_ref;
  translation_value.mInputDataSize = sizeof(in_bundle_ref);
  translation_value.mOutputData = plugin_id;
  translation_value.mOutputDataSize = sizeof(*plugin_id);

  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject,
                                 &address_plugin_bundle_id,
                                 0,
                                 nullptr,
                                 &size,
                                 &translation_value);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioHardwareGetProperty/kAudioHardwarePropertyPlugInForBundleID, rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  AudioObjectPropertyAddress create_aggregate_device_address = { kAudioPlugInCreateAggregateDevice,
                                                                 kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                                                 kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(*plugin_id,
                                     &create_aggregate_device_address,
                                     0,
                                     nullptr,
                                     &size);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize/kAudioPlugInCreateAggregateDevice, rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  CFMutableDictionaryRef aggregate_device_dict = CFDictionaryCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault, 0,
                                                                           &kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
                                                                           &kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks);
  struct timeval timestamp;
  gettimeofday(&timestamp, NULL);
  long long int time_id = timestamp.tv_sec * 1000000LL + timestamp.tv_usec;
  CFStringRef aggregate_device_name = CFStringCreateWithFormat(NULL, NULL, CFSTR("CubebAggregateDevice_%llx"), time_id);
  CFDictionaryAddValue(aggregate_device_dict, CFSTR(kAudioAggregateDeviceNameKey), aggregate_device_name);
  CFRelease(aggregate_device_name);

  CFStringRef aggregate_device_UID = CFStringCreateWithFormat(NULL, NULL, CFSTR("org.mozilla.CubebAggregateDevice_%llx"), time_id);
  CFDictionaryAddValue(aggregate_device_dict, CFSTR(kAudioAggregateDeviceUIDKey), aggregate_device_UID);
  CFRelease(aggregate_device_UID);

  int private_key = 1;
  CFNumberRef aggregate_device_private_key = CFNumberCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberIntType, &private_key);
  CFDictionaryAddValue(aggregate_device_dict, CFSTR(kAudioAggregateDeviceIsPrivateKey), aggregate_device_private_key);
  CFRelease(aggregate_device_private_key);

  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(*plugin_id,
                                 &create_aggregate_device_address,
                                 sizeof(aggregate_device_dict),
                                 &aggregate_device_dict,
                                 &size,
                                 aggregate_device_id);
  CFRelease(aggregate_device_dict);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectGetPropertyData/kAudioPlugInCreateAggregateDevice, rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  LOG("New aggregate device %u", *aggregate_device_id);

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static CFStringRef
get_device_name(AudioDeviceID id)
{
  UInt32 size = sizeof(CFStringRef);
  CFStringRef UIname;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress address_uuid = { kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceUID,
                                              kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                              kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  OSStatus err = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(id, &address_uuid, 0, nullptr, &size, &UIname);
  return (err == noErr) ? UIname : NULL;
}

static int
audiounit_set_aggregate_sub_device_list(AudioDeviceID aggregate_device_id,
                                        AudioDeviceID input_device_id,
                                        AudioDeviceID output_device_id)
{
  LOG("Add devices input %u and output %u into aggregate device %u",
      input_device_id, output_device_id, aggregate_device_id);
  const std::vector<AudioDeviceID> input_sub_devices = audiounit_get_sub_devices(input_device_id);
  const std::vector<AudioDeviceID> output_sub_devices = audiounit_get_sub_devices(output_device_id);

  CFMutableArrayRef aggregate_sub_devices_array = CFArrayCreateMutable(NULL, 0, &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks);
  for (UInt32 i = 0; i < input_sub_devices.size(); i++) {
    CFStringRef ref = get_device_name(input_sub_devices[i]);
    if (ref == NULL) {
      CFRelease(aggregate_sub_devices_array);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
    CFArrayAppendValue(aggregate_sub_devices_array, ref);
  }
  for (UInt32 i = 0; i < output_sub_devices.size(); i++) {
    CFStringRef ref = get_device_name(output_sub_devices[i]);
    if (ref == NULL) {
      CFRelease(aggregate_sub_devices_array);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
    CFArrayAppendValue(aggregate_sub_devices_array, ref);
  }

  AudioObjectPropertyAddress aggregate_sub_device_list = { kAudioAggregateDevicePropertyFullSubDeviceList,
                                                           kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                                           kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  UInt32 size = sizeof(CFMutableArrayRef);
  OSStatus rv = AudioObjectSetPropertyData(aggregate_device_id,
                                           &aggregate_sub_device_list,
                                           0,
                                           nullptr,
                                           size,
                                           &aggregate_sub_devices_array);
  CFRelease(aggregate_sub_devices_array);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectSetPropertyData/kAudioAggregateDevicePropertyFullSubDeviceList, rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_set_master_aggregate_device(const AudioDeviceID aggregate_device_id)
{
  assert(aggregate_device_id);
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress master_aggregate_sub_device =  { kAudioAggregateDevicePropertyMasterSubDevice,
                                                              kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                                              kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };

  // Master become the 1st output sub device
  AudioDeviceID output_device_id = audiounit_get_default_device_id(CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT);
  const std::vector<AudioDeviceID> output_sub_devices = audiounit_get_sub_devices(output_device_id);
  CFStringRef master_sub_device = get_device_name(output_sub_devices[0]);

  UInt32 size = sizeof(CFStringRef);
  OSStatus rv = AudioObjectSetPropertyData(aggregate_device_id,
                                           &master_aggregate_sub_device,
                                           0,
                                           NULL,
                                           size,
                                           &master_sub_device);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectSetPropertyData/kAudioAggregateDevicePropertyMasterSubDevice, rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_activate_clock_drift_compensation(const AudioDeviceID aggregate_device_id)
{
  assert(aggregate_device_id);
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress address_owned = { kAudioObjectPropertyOwnedObjects,
                                               kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                               kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };

  UInt32 qualifier_data_size = sizeof(AudioObjectID);
  AudioClassID class_id = kAudioSubDeviceClassID;
  void * qualifier_data = &class_id;
  UInt32 size = 0;
  OSStatus rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(aggregate_device_id,
                                               &address_owned,
                                               qualifier_data_size,
                                               qualifier_data,
                                               &size);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize/kAudioObjectPropertyOwnedObjects, rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  UInt32 subdevices_num = 0;
  subdevices_num = size / sizeof(AudioObjectID);
  AudioObjectID sub_devices[subdevices_num];
  size = sizeof(sub_devices);

  rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(aggregate_device_id,
                                  &address_owned,
                                  qualifier_data_size,
                                  qualifier_data,
                                  &size,
                                  sub_devices);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectGetPropertyData/kAudioObjectPropertyOwnedObjects, rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  AudioObjectPropertyAddress address_drift = { kAudioSubDevicePropertyDriftCompensation,
                                               kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                               kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };

  for (UInt32 i = 0; i < subdevices_num; ++i) {
    UInt32 drift_compensation_value = 1;
    rv = AudioObjectSetPropertyData(sub_devices[i],
                                    &address_drift,
                                    0,
                                    nullptr,
                                    sizeof(UInt32),
                                    &drift_compensation_value);
    if (rv != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioObjectSetPropertyData/kAudioSubDevicePropertyDriftCompensation, rv=%d", rv);
      return CUBEB_OK;
    }
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int audiounit_destroy_aggregate_device(AudioObjectID plugin_id, AudioDeviceID aggregate_device_id);

/*
 * Aggregate Device is a virtual audio interface which utilizes inputs and outputs
 * of one or more physical audio interfaces. It is possible to use the clock of
 * one of the devices as a master clock for all the combined devices and enable
 * drift compensation for the devices that are not designated clock master.
 *
 * Creating a new aggregate device programmatically requires [0][1]:
 * 1. Locate the base plug-in ("com.apple.audio.CoreAudio")
 * 2. Create a dictionary that describes the aggregate device
 *    (don't add sub-devices in that step, prone to fail [0])
 * 3. Ask the base plug-in to create the aggregate device (blank)
 * 4. Add the array of sub-devices.
 * 5. Set the master device (1st output device in our case)
 * 6. Enable drift compensation for the non-master devices
 *
 * [0] https://lists.apple.com/archives/coreaudio-api/2006/Apr/msg00092.html
 * [1] https://lists.apple.com/archives/coreaudio-api/2005/Jul/msg00150.html
 * [2] CoreAudio.framework/Headers/AudioHardware.h
 * */
static int
audiounit_create_aggregate_device(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  int r = audiounit_create_blank_aggregate_device(&stm->plugin_id, &stm->aggregate_device_id);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Failed to create blank aggregate device", stm);
    audiounit_destroy_aggregate_device(stm->plugin_id, stm->aggregate_device_id);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  AudioDeviceID input_device_id = audiounit_get_input_device_id(stm);
  AudioDeviceID output_device_id = audiounit_get_default_device_id(CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT);
  r = audiounit_set_aggregate_sub_device_list(stm->aggregate_device_id, input_device_id, output_device_id);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Failed to set aggregate sub-device list", stm);
    audiounit_destroy_aggregate_device(stm->plugin_id, stm->aggregate_device_id);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  r = audiounit_set_master_aggregate_device(stm->aggregate_device_id);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Failed to set master sub-device for aggregate device", stm);
    audiounit_destroy_aggregate_device(stm->plugin_id, stm->aggregate_device_id);
    return  CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  r = audiounit_activate_clock_drift_compensation(stm->aggregate_device_id);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Failed to activate clock drift compensation for aggregate device", stm);
    audiounit_destroy_aggregate_device(stm->plugin_id, stm->aggregate_device_id);
    return  CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_destroy_aggregate_device(AudioObjectID plugin_id, AudioDeviceID aggregate_device_id)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress destroy_aggregate_device_addr = { kAudioPlugInDestroyAggregateDevice,
                                                               kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                                               kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster};
  UInt32 size;
  OSStatus rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(plugin_id,
                                               &destroy_aggregate_device_addr,
                                               0,
                                               NULL,
                                               &size);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize/kAudioPlugInDestroyAggregateDevice, rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  rv = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(plugin_id,
                                  &destroy_aggregate_device_addr,
                                  0,
                                  NULL,
                                  &size,
                                  &aggregate_device_id);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioObjectGetPropertyData/kAudioPlugInDestroyAggregateDevice, rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_new_unit_instance(AudioUnit * unit, io_side side, AudioDeviceID device)
{
  AudioComponentDescription desc;
  AudioComponent comp;
  OSStatus rv;

  desc.componentType = kAudioUnitType_Output;
#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  bool use_default_output = false;
  desc.componentSubType = kAudioUnitSubType_RemoteIO;
#else
  // Use the DefaultOutputUnit for output when no device is specified
  // so we retain automatic output device switching when the default
  // changes.  Once we have complete support for device notifications
  // and switching, we can use the AUHAL for everything.
  bool use_default_output = device == 0 && (side == OUTPUT);
  if (use_default_output) {
    desc.componentSubType = kAudioUnitSubType_DefaultOutput;
  } else {
    desc.componentSubType = kAudioUnitSubType_HALOutput;
  }
#endif
  desc.componentManufacturer = kAudioUnitManufacturer_Apple;
  desc.componentFlags = 0;
  desc.componentFlagsMask = 0;
  comp = AudioComponentFindNext(NULL, &desc);
  if (comp == NULL) {
    LOG("Could not find matching audio hardware.");
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  rv = AudioComponentInstanceNew(comp, unit);
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioComponentInstanceNew rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

enum enable_state {
  DISABLE,
  ENABLE,
};

static int
audiounit_enable_unit_scope(AudioUnit * unit, io_side side, enable_state state)
{
  OSStatus rv;
  UInt32 enable = state;
  rv = AudioUnitSetProperty(*unit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO,
                            (side == INPUT) ? kAudioUnitScope_Input : kAudioUnitScope_Output,
                            (side == INPUT) ? AU_IN_BUS : AU_OUT_BUS,
                            &enable,
                            sizeof(UInt32));
  if (rv != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO rv=%d", rv);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_create_unit(AudioUnit * unit, io_side side, AudioDeviceID device)
{
  AudioDeviceID devid;
  OSStatus rv;
  int r;

  assert(*unit == nullptr);
  r = audiounit_new_unit_instance(unit, side, device);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    return r;
  }
  assert(*unit);

#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  bool use_default_output = false;
#else
  bool use_default_output = device == 0 && (side == OUTPUT);
#endif

  if (!use_default_output) {
    switch (side) {
      case INPUT:
        r = audiounit_enable_unit_scope(unit, INPUT, ENABLE);
        if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
          LOG("Failed to enable audiounit input scope ");
          return r;
        }
        r = audiounit_enable_unit_scope(unit, OUTPUT, DISABLE);
        if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
          LOG("Failed to disable audiounit output scope ");
          return r;
        }
        break;
      case OUTPUT:
        r = audiounit_enable_unit_scope(unit, OUTPUT, ENABLE);
        if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
          LOG("Failed to enable audiounit output scope ");
          return r;
        }
        r = audiounit_enable_unit_scope(unit, INPUT, DISABLE);
        if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
          LOG("Failed to disable audiounit input scope ");
          return r;
        }
        break;
      default:
        assert(false);
    }

    if (device == 0) {
      assert(side == INPUT);
      devid = audiounit_get_default_device_id(CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT);
    } else {
      devid = device;
    }

    rv = AudioUnitSetProperty(*unit,
                              kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice,
                              kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                              0,
                              &devid, sizeof(AudioDeviceID));
    if (rv != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice rv=%d", rv);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_init_input_linear_buffer(cubeb_stream * stream, uint32_t capacity)
{
  uint32_t size = capacity * stream->input_buffer_frames * stream->input_desc.mChannelsPerFrame;
  if (stream->input_desc.mFormatFlags & kAudioFormatFlagIsSignedInteger) {
    stream->input_linear_buffer.reset(new auto_array_wrapper_impl<short>(size));
  } else {
    stream->input_linear_buffer.reset(new auto_array_wrapper_impl<float>(size));
  }
  assert(stream->input_linear_buffer->length() == 0);

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static uint32_t
audiounit_clamp_latency(cubeb_stream * stm, uint32_t latency_frames)
{
  // For the 1st stream set anything within safe min-max
  assert(stm->context->active_streams > 0);
  if (stm->context->active_streams == 1) {
    return std::max(std::min<uint32_t>(latency_frames, SAFE_MAX_LATENCY_FRAMES),
                    SAFE_MIN_LATENCY_FRAMES);
  }
  assert(stm->output_unit);

  // If more than one stream operates in parallel
  // allow only lower values of latency
  int r;
  UInt32 output_buffer_size = 0;
  UInt32 size = sizeof(output_buffer_size);
  if (stm->output_unit) {
    r = AudioUnitGetProperty(stm->output_unit,
                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                            kAudioUnitScope_Output,
                            AU_OUT_BUS,
                            &output_buffer_size,
                            &size);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitGetProperty/output/kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize rv=%d", r);
      return 0;
    }

    output_buffer_size = std::max(std::min<uint32_t>(output_buffer_size, SAFE_MAX_LATENCY_FRAMES),
                                  SAFE_MIN_LATENCY_FRAMES);
  }

  UInt32 input_buffer_size = 0;
  if (stm->input_unit) {
    r = AudioUnitGetProperty(stm->input_unit,
                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                            kAudioUnitScope_Input,
                            AU_IN_BUS,
                            &input_buffer_size,
                            &size);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitGetProperty/input/kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize rv=%d", r);
      return 0;
    }

    input_buffer_size = std::max(std::min<uint32_t>(input_buffer_size, SAFE_MAX_LATENCY_FRAMES),
                                 SAFE_MIN_LATENCY_FRAMES);
  }

  // Every following active streams can only set smaller latency
  UInt32 upper_latency_limit = 0;
  if (input_buffer_size != 0 && output_buffer_size != 0) {
    upper_latency_limit = std::min<uint32_t>(input_buffer_size, output_buffer_size);
  } else if (input_buffer_size != 0) {
    upper_latency_limit = input_buffer_size;
  } else if (output_buffer_size != 0) {
    upper_latency_limit = output_buffer_size;
  } else {
    upper_latency_limit = SAFE_MAX_LATENCY_FRAMES;
  }

  return std::max(std::min<uint32_t>(latency_frames, upper_latency_limit),
                  SAFE_MIN_LATENCY_FRAMES);
}

/*
 * Change buffer size is prone to deadlock thus we change it
 * following the steps:
 * - register a listener for the buffer size property
 * - change the property
 * - wait until the listener is executed
 * - property has changed, remove the listener
 * */
static void
buffer_size_changed_callback(void * inClientData,
                             AudioUnit inUnit,
                             AudioUnitPropertyID inPropertyID,
                             AudioUnitScope inScope,
                             AudioUnitElement inElement)
{
  cubeb_stream * stm = (cubeb_stream *)inClientData;

  AudioUnit au = inUnit;
  AudioUnitScope au_scope = kAudioUnitScope_Input;
  AudioUnitElement au_element = inElement;
  char const * au_type = "output";

  if (AU_IN_BUS == inElement) {
    au_scope = kAudioUnitScope_Output;
    au_type = "input";
  }

  switch (inPropertyID) {

    case kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize: {
      if (inScope != au_scope) {
        break;
      }
      UInt32 new_buffer_size;
      UInt32 outSize = sizeof(UInt32);
      OSStatus r = AudioUnitGetProperty(au,
                                        kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                                        au_scope,
                                        au_element,
                                        &new_buffer_size,
                                        &outSize);
      if (r != noErr) {
        LOG("(%p) Event: kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize: Cannot get current buffer size", stm);
      } else {
        LOG("(%p) Event: kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize: New %s buffer size = %d for scope %d", stm,
            au_type, new_buffer_size, inScope);
      }
      stm->buffer_size_change_state = true;
      break;
    }
  }
}

static int
audiounit_set_buffer_size(cubeb_stream * stm, uint32_t new_size_frames, io_side side)
{
  AudioUnit au = stm->output_unit;
  AudioUnitScope au_scope = kAudioUnitScope_Input;
  AudioUnitElement au_element = AU_OUT_BUS;

  if (side == INPUT) {
    au = stm->input_unit;
    au_scope = kAudioUnitScope_Output;
    au_element = AU_IN_BUS;
  }

  uint32_t buffer_frames = 0;
  UInt32 size = sizeof(buffer_frames);
  int r = AudioUnitGetProperty(au,
                               kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                               au_scope,
                               au_element,
                               &buffer_frames,
                               &size);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitGetProperty/%s/kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize rv=%d", to_string(side), r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  if (new_size_frames == buffer_frames) {
    LOG("(%p) No need to update %s buffer size already %u frames", stm, to_string(side), buffer_frames);
    return CUBEB_OK;
  }

  r = AudioUnitAddPropertyListener(au,
                                   kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                                   buffer_size_changed_callback,
                                   stm);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitAddPropertyListener/%s/kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize rv=%d", to_string(side), r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  stm->buffer_size_change_state = false;

  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(au,
                           kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                           au_scope,
                           au_element,
                           &new_size_frames,
                           sizeof(new_size_frames));
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/%s/kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize rv=%d", to_string(side), r);

    r = AudioUnitRemovePropertyListenerWithUserData(au,
                                                    kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                                                    buffer_size_changed_callback,
                                                    stm);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitAddPropertyListener/%s/kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize rv=%d", to_string(side), r);
    }

    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  int count = 0;
  while (!stm->buffer_size_change_state && count++ < 30) {
    struct timespec req, rem;
    req.tv_sec = 0;
    req.tv_nsec = 100000000L; // 0.1 sec
    if (nanosleep(&req , &rem) < 0 ) {
      LOG("(%p) Warning: nanosleep call failed or interrupted. Remaining time %ld nano secs \n", stm, rem.tv_nsec);
    }
    LOG("(%p) audiounit_set_buffer_size : wait count = %d", stm, count);
  }

  r = AudioUnitRemovePropertyListenerWithUserData(au,
                                                  kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
                                                  buffer_size_changed_callback,
                                                  stm);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitAddPropertyListener/%s/kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize rv=%d", to_string(side), r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  if (!stm->buffer_size_change_state && count >= 30) {
    LOG("(%p) Error, did not get buffer size change callback ...", stm);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  LOG("(%p) %s buffer size changed to %u frames.", stm, to_string(side), new_size_frames);
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_configure_input(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  assert(stm && stm->input_unit);

  int r = 0;
  UInt32 size;
  AURenderCallbackStruct aurcbs_in;

  LOG("(%p) Opening input side: rate %u, channels %u, format %d, latency in frames %u.",
      stm, stm->input_stream_params.rate, stm->input_stream_params.channels,
      stm->input_stream_params.format, stm->latency_frames);

  /* Get input device sample rate. */
  AudioStreamBasicDescription input_hw_desc;
  size = sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription);
  r = AudioUnitGetProperty(stm->input_unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Input,
                           AU_IN_BUS,
                           &input_hw_desc,
                           &size);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitGetProperty/input/kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  stm->input_hw_rate = input_hw_desc.mSampleRate;
  LOG("(%p) Input device sampling rate: %.2f", stm, stm->input_hw_rate);

  /* Set format description according to the input params. */
  r = audio_stream_desc_init(&stm->input_desc, &stm->input_stream_params);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Setting format description for input failed.", stm);
    return r;
  }

  // Use latency to set buffer size
  stm->input_buffer_frames = stm->latency_frames;
  r = audiounit_set_buffer_size(stm, stm->input_buffer_frames, INPUT);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Error in change input buffer size.", stm);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  AudioStreamBasicDescription src_desc = stm->input_desc;
  /* Input AudioUnit must be configured with device's sample rate.
     we will resample inside input callback. */
  src_desc.mSampleRate = stm->input_hw_rate;

  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(stm->input_unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Output,
                           AU_IN_BUS,
                           &src_desc,
                           sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription));
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/input/kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  /* Frames per buffer in the input callback. */
  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(stm->input_unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                           AU_IN_BUS,
                           &stm->input_buffer_frames,
                           sizeof(UInt32));
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/input/kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  // Input only capacity
  unsigned int array_capacity = 1;
  if (has_output(stm)) {
    // Full-duplex increase capacity
    array_capacity = 8;
  }
  if (audiounit_init_input_linear_buffer(stm, array_capacity) != CUBEB_OK) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  aurcbs_in.inputProc = audiounit_input_callback;
  aurcbs_in.inputProcRefCon = stm;

  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(stm->input_unit,
                           kAudioOutputUnitProperty_SetInputCallback,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                           AU_OUT_BUS,
                           &aurcbs_in,
                           sizeof(aurcbs_in));
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/input/kAudioOutputUnitProperty_SetInputCallback rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  LOG("(%p) Input audiounit init successfully.", stm);

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_configure_output(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  assert(stm && stm->output_unit);

  int r;
  AURenderCallbackStruct aurcbs_out;
  UInt32 size;


  LOG("(%p) Opening output side: rate %u, channels %u, format %d, latency in frames %u.",
      stm, stm->output_stream_params.rate, stm->output_stream_params.channels,
      stm->output_stream_params.format, stm->latency_frames);

  r = audio_stream_desc_init(&stm->output_desc, &stm->output_stream_params);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not initialize the audio stream description.", stm);
    return r;
  }

  /* Get output device sample rate. */
  AudioStreamBasicDescription output_hw_desc;
  size = sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription);
  memset(&output_hw_desc, 0, size);
  r = AudioUnitGetProperty(stm->output_unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Output,
                           AU_OUT_BUS,
                           &output_hw_desc,
                           &size);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitGetProperty/output/kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  stm->output_hw_rate = output_hw_desc.mSampleRate;
  LOG("(%p) Output device sampling rate: %.2f", stm, output_hw_desc.mSampleRate);

  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(stm->output_unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Input,
                           AU_OUT_BUS,
                           &stm->output_desc,
                           sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription));
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/output/kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  r = audiounit_set_buffer_size(stm, stm->latency_frames, OUTPUT);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Error in change output buffer size.", stm);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  /* Frames per buffer in the input callback. */
  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(stm->output_unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                           AU_OUT_BUS,
                           &stm->latency_frames,
                           sizeof(UInt32));
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/output/kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  aurcbs_out.inputProc = audiounit_output_callback;
  aurcbs_out.inputProcRefCon = stm;
  r = AudioUnitSetProperty(stm->output_unit,
                           kAudioUnitProperty_SetRenderCallback,
                           kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                           AU_OUT_BUS,
                           &aurcbs_out,
                           sizeof(aurcbs_out));
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetProperty/output/kAudioUnitProperty_SetRenderCallback rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  audiounit_layout_init(stm, OUTPUT);
  audiounit_init_mixer(stm);

  LOG("(%p) Output audiounit init successfully.", stm);
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_setup_stream(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  stm->mutex.assert_current_thread_owns();

  int r = 0;

  AudioDeviceID in_dev = stm->input_device;
  AudioDeviceID out_dev = stm->output_device;
  if (has_input(stm) && has_output(stm)) {
    r = audiounit_create_aggregate_device(stm);
    if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
      stm->aggregate_device_id = 0;
      LOG("(%p) Create aggregate devices failed.", stm);
      // !!!NOTE: It is not necessary to return here. If it does not
      // return it will fallback to the old implementation. The intention
      // is to investigate how often it fails. I plan to remove
      // it after a couple of weeks.
      return r;
    } else {
      in_dev = out_dev = stm->aggregate_device_id;
    }
  }

  if (has_input(stm)) {
    r = audiounit_create_unit(&stm->input_unit,
                              INPUT,
                              in_dev);
    if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
      LOG("(%p) AudioUnit creation for input failed.", stm);
      return r;
    }
  }

  if (has_output(stm)) {
    r = audiounit_create_unit(&stm->output_unit,
                              OUTPUT,
                              out_dev);
    if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
      LOG("(%p) AudioUnit creation for output failed.", stm);
      return r;
    }
  }

  /* Latency cannot change if another stream is operating in parallel. In this case
  * latecy is set to the other stream value. */
  if (stm->context->active_streams > 1) {
    LOG("(%p) More than one active stream, use global latency.", stm);
    stm->latency_frames = stm->context->global_latency_frames;
  } else {
    /* Silently clamp the latency down to the platform default, because we
    * synthetize the clock from the callbacks, and we want the clock to update
    * often. */
    stm->latency_frames = audiounit_clamp_latency(stm, stm->latency_frames);
    assert(stm->latency_frames); // Ungly error check
    audiounit_set_global_latency(stm, stm->latency_frames);
  }

  /* Configure I/O stream */
  if (has_input(stm)) {
    r = audiounit_configure_input(stm);
    if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
      LOG("(%p) Configure audiounit input failed.", stm);
      return r;
    }
  }

  if (has_output(stm)) {
    r = audiounit_configure_output(stm);
    if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
      LOG("(%p) Configure audiounit output failed.", stm);
      return r;
    }
  }

  // Setting the latency doesn't work well for USB headsets (eg. plantronics).
  // Keep the default latency for now.
#if 0
  buffer_size = latency;

  /* Get the range of latency this particular device can work with, and clamp
   * the requested latency to this acceptable range. */
#if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  if (audiounit_get_acceptable_latency_range(&latency_range) != CUBEB_OK) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  if (buffer_size < (unsigned int) latency_range.mMinimum) {
    buffer_size = (unsigned int) latency_range.mMinimum;
  } else if (buffer_size > (unsigned int) latency_range.mMaximum) {
    buffer_size = (unsigned int) latency_range.mMaximum;
  }

  /**
   * Get the default buffer size. If our latency request is below the default,
   * set it. Otherwise, use the default latency.
   **/
  size = sizeof(default_buffer_size);
  if (AudioUnitGetProperty(stm->output_unit, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
        kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &default_buffer_size, &size) != 0) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  if (buffer_size < default_buffer_size) {
    /* Set the maximum number of frame that the render callback will ask for,
     * effectively setting the latency of the stream. This is process-wide. */
    if (AudioUnitSetProperty(stm->output_unit, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
          kAudioUnitScope_Output, 0, &buffer_size, sizeof(buffer_size)) != 0) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }
#else  // TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  //TODO: [[AVAudioSession sharedInstance] inputLatency]
  // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13157523/kaudiodevicepropertybufferframesize-replacement-for-ios
#endif
#endif

  /* We use a resampler because input AudioUnit operates
   * reliable only in the capture device sample rate.
   * Resampler will convert it to the user sample rate
   * and deliver it to the callback. */
  uint32_t target_sample_rate;
  if (has_input(stm)) {
    target_sample_rate = stm->input_stream_params.rate;
  } else {
    assert(has_output(stm));
    target_sample_rate = stm->output_stream_params.rate;
  }

  cubeb_stream_params input_unconverted_params;
  if (has_input(stm)) {
    input_unconverted_params = stm->input_stream_params;
    /* Use the rate of the input device. */
    input_unconverted_params.rate = stm->input_hw_rate;
  }

  /* Create resampler. Output params are unchanged
   * because we do not need conversion on the output. */
  stm->resampler.reset(cubeb_resampler_create(stm,
                                              has_input(stm) ? &input_unconverted_params : NULL,
                                              has_output(stm) ? &stm->output_stream_params : NULL,
                                              target_sample_rate,
                                              stm->data_callback,
                                              stm->user_ptr,
                                              CUBEB_RESAMPLER_QUALITY_DESKTOP));
  if (!stm->resampler) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not create resampler.", stm);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  if (stm->input_unit != NULL) {
    r = AudioUnitInitialize(stm->input_unit);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitInitialize/input rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if (stm->output_unit != NULL) {
    r = AudioUnitInitialize(stm->output_unit);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitInitialize/output rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if (stm->input_unit && stm->output_unit) {
    // According to the I/O hardware rate it is expected a specific pattern of callbacks
    // for example is input is 44100 and output is 48000 we expected no more than 2
    // out callback in a row.
    stm->expected_output_callbacks_in_a_row = ceilf(stm->output_hw_rate / stm->input_hw_rate);
  }

  r = audiounit_install_device_changed_callback(stm);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not install the device change callback.", stm);
    return r;
  }


  return CUBEB_OK;
}

cubeb_stream::cubeb_stream(cubeb * context)
  : context(context)
  , resampler(nullptr, cubeb_resampler_destroy)
  , mixer(nullptr, cubeb_mixer_destroy)
{
  PodZero(&input_desc, 1);
  PodZero(&output_desc, 1);
}

static int
audiounit_stream_init(cubeb * context,
                      cubeb_stream ** stream,
                      char const * /* stream_name */,
                      cubeb_devid input_device,
                      cubeb_stream_params * input_stream_params,
                      cubeb_devid output_device,
                      cubeb_stream_params * output_stream_params,
                      unsigned int latency_frames,
                      cubeb_data_callback data_callback,
                      cubeb_state_callback state_callback,
                      void * user_ptr)
{
  std::unique_ptr<cubeb_stream, decltype(&audiounit_stream_destroy)> stm(nullptr, audiounit_stream_destroy);
  int r;

  assert(context);
  *stream = NULL;
  assert(latency_frames > 0);
  if ((input_device && !input_stream_params) ||
      (output_device && !output_stream_params)) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
  }

  stm.reset(new cubeb_stream(context));

  /* These could be different in the future if we have both
   * full-duplex stream and different devices for input vs output. */
  stm->data_callback = data_callback;
  stm->state_callback = state_callback;
  stm->user_ptr = user_ptr;
  stm->latency_frames = latency_frames;
  if (input_stream_params) {
    stm->input_stream_params = *input_stream_params;
    stm->input_device = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(input_device);
    stm->is_default_input = stm->input_device == 0 ||
                            (audiounit_get_default_device_id(CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT) == stm->input_device);
  }
  if (output_stream_params) {
    stm->output_stream_params = *output_stream_params;
    stm->output_device = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(output_device);
  }

  auto_lock context_lock(context->mutex);
  {
    // It's not critical to lock here, because no other thread has been started
    // yet, but it allows to assert that the lock has been taken in
    // `audiounit_setup_stream`.
    context->active_streams += 1;
    auto_lock lock(stm->mutex);
    r = audiounit_setup_stream(stm.get());
  }

  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not setup the audiounit stream.", stm.get());
    return r;
  }

  r = audiounit_install_system_changed_callback(stm.get());
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not install the device change callback.", stm.get());
    return r;
  }

  *stream = stm.release();
  LOG("(%p) Cubeb stream init successful.", *stream);
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static void
audiounit_close_stream(cubeb_stream *stm)
{
  stm->mutex.assert_current_thread_owns();

  if (stm->input_unit) {
    AudioUnitUninitialize(stm->input_unit);
    AudioComponentInstanceDispose(stm->input_unit);
    stm->input_unit = nullptr;
  }

  stm->input_linear_buffer.reset();

  if (stm->output_unit) {
    AudioUnitUninitialize(stm->output_unit);
    AudioComponentInstanceDispose(stm->output_unit);
    stm->output_unit = nullptr;
  }

  stm->resampler.reset();
  stm->mixer.reset();

  if (stm->aggregate_device_id) {
    audiounit_destroy_aggregate_device(stm->plugin_id, stm->aggregate_device_id);
    stm->aggregate_device_id = 0;
  }
}

static void
audiounit_stream_destroy(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  stm->shutdown = true;

  int r = audiounit_uninstall_system_changed_callback(stm);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not uninstall the device changed callback", stm);
  }

  r = audiounit_uninstall_device_changed_callback(stm);
  if (r != CUBEB_OK) {
    LOG("(%p) Could not uninstall the device changed callback", stm);
  }

  auto_lock context_lock(stm->context->mutex);
  audiounit_stream_stop_internal(stm);

  // Execute close in serial queue to avoid collision
  // with reinit when un/plug devices
  dispatch_sync(stm->context->serial_queue, ^() {
    auto_lock lock(stm->mutex);
    audiounit_close_stream(stm);
  });

  assert(stm->context->active_streams >= 1);
  stm->context->active_streams -= 1;

  LOG("Cubeb stream (%p) destroyed successful.", stm);
  delete stm;
}

void
audiounit_stream_start_internal(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  OSStatus r;
  if (stm->input_unit != NULL) {
    r = AudioOutputUnitStart(stm->input_unit);
    assert(r == 0);
  }
  if (stm->output_unit != NULL) {
    r = AudioOutputUnitStart(stm->output_unit);
    assert(r == 0);
  }
}

static int
audiounit_stream_start(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  auto_lock context_lock(stm->context->mutex);
  stm->shutdown = false;
  stm->draining = false;

  audiounit_stream_start_internal(stm);

  stm->state_callback(stm, stm->user_ptr, CUBEB_STATE_STARTED);

  LOG("Cubeb stream (%p) started successfully.", stm);
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

void
audiounit_stream_stop_internal(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  OSStatus r;
  if (stm->input_unit != NULL) {
    r = AudioOutputUnitStop(stm->input_unit);
    assert(r == 0);
  }
  if (stm->output_unit != NULL) {
    r = AudioOutputUnitStop(stm->output_unit);
    assert(r == 0);
  }
}

static int
audiounit_stream_stop(cubeb_stream * stm)
{
  auto_lock context_lock(stm->context->mutex);
  stm->shutdown = true;

  audiounit_stream_stop_internal(stm);

  stm->state_callback(stm, stm->user_ptr, CUBEB_STATE_STOPPED);

  LOG("Cubeb stream (%p) stopped successfully.", stm);
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_stream_get_position(cubeb_stream * stm, uint64_t * position)
{
  auto_lock lock(stm->mutex);

  *position = stm->frames_played;
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

int
audiounit_stream_get_latency(cubeb_stream * stm, uint32_t * latency)
{
#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  //TODO
  return CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
#else
  auto_lock lock(stm->mutex);
  if (stm->hw_latency_frames == UINT64_MAX) {
    UInt32 size;
    uint32_t device_latency_frames, device_safety_offset;
    double unit_latency_sec;
    AudioDeviceID output_device_id;
    OSStatus r;
    AudioObjectPropertyAddress latency_address = {
      kAudioDevicePropertyLatency,
      kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
      kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
    };
    AudioObjectPropertyAddress safety_offset_address = {
      kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset,
      kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
      kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
    };

    r = audiounit_get_output_device_id(&output_device_id);
    if (r != noErr) {
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    size = sizeof(unit_latency_sec);
    r = AudioUnitGetProperty(stm->output_unit,
                             kAudioUnitProperty_Latency,
                             kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                             0,
                             &unit_latency_sec,
                             &size);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitGetProperty/kAudioUnitProperty_Latency rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    size = sizeof(device_latency_frames);
    r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(output_device_id,
                                   &latency_address,
                                   0,
                                   NULL,
                                   &size,
                                   &device_latency_frames);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitGetPropertyData/latency_frames rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    size = sizeof(device_safety_offset);
    r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(output_device_id,
                                   &safety_offset_address,
                                   0,
                                   NULL,
                                   &size,
                                   &device_safety_offset);
    if (r != noErr) {
      LOG("AudioUnitGetPropertyData/safety_offset rv=%d", r);
      return CUBEB_ERROR;
    }

    /* This part is fixed and depend on the stream parameter and the hardware. */
    stm->hw_latency_frames =
      static_cast<uint32_t>(unit_latency_sec * stm->output_desc.mSampleRate)
      + device_latency_frames
      + device_safety_offset;
  }

  *latency = stm->hw_latency_frames + stm->current_latency_frames;

  return CUBEB_OK;
#endif
}

static int
audiounit_stream_get_volume(cubeb_stream * stm, float * volume)
{
  assert(stm->output_unit);
  OSStatus r = AudioUnitGetParameter(stm->output_unit,
                                     kHALOutputParam_Volume,
                                     kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                                     0, volume);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitGetParameter/kHALOutputParam_Volume rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_stream_set_volume(cubeb_stream * stm, float volume)
{
  assert(stm->output_unit);
  OSStatus r;
  r = AudioUnitSetParameter(stm->output_unit,
                            kHALOutputParam_Volume,
                            kAudioUnitScope_Global,
                            0, volume, 0);

  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("AudioUnitSetParameter/kHALOutputParam_Volume rv=%d", r);
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

int audiounit_stream_set_panning(cubeb_stream * stm, float panning)
{
  if (stm->output_desc.mChannelsPerFrame > 2) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
  }

  stm->panning.store(panning, std::memory_order_relaxed);
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

int audiounit_stream_get_current_device(cubeb_stream * stm,
                                        cubeb_device ** const device)
{
#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
  //TODO
  return CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
#else
  OSStatus r;
  UInt32 size;
  UInt32 data;
  char strdata[4];
  AudioDeviceID output_device_id;
  AudioDeviceID input_device_id;

  AudioObjectPropertyAddress datasource_address = {
    kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource,
    kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  AudioObjectPropertyAddress datasource_address_input = {
    kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource,
    kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  *device = NULL;

  if (audiounit_get_output_device_id(&output_device_id) != CUBEB_OK) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  *device = new cubeb_device;
  if (!*device) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }
  PodZero(*device, 1);

  size = sizeof(UInt32);
  /* This fails with some USB headset, so simply return an empty string. */
  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(output_device_id,
                                 &datasource_address,
                                 0, NULL, &size, &data);
  if (r != noErr) {
    size = 0;
    data = 0;
  }

  (*device)->output_name = new char[size + 1];
  if (!(*device)->output_name) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  // Turn the four chars packed into a uint32 into a string
  strdata[0] = (char)(data >> 24);
  strdata[1] = (char)(data >> 16);
  strdata[2] = (char)(data >> 8);
  strdata[3] = (char)(data);

  memcpy((*device)->output_name, strdata, size);
  (*device)->output_name[size] = '\0';

  if (audiounit_get_input_device_id(&input_device_id) != CUBEB_OK) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  size = sizeof(UInt32);
  r = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(input_device_id, &datasource_address_input, 0, NULL, &size, &data);
  if (r != noErr) {
    LOG("(%p) Error when getting device !", stm);
    size = 0;
    data = 0;
  }

  (*device)->input_name = new char[size + 1];
  if (!(*device)->input_name) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  // Turn the four chars packed into a uint32 into a string
  strdata[0] = (char)(data >> 24);
  strdata[1] = (char)(data >> 16);
  strdata[2] = (char)(data >> 8);
  strdata[3] = (char)(data);

  memcpy((*device)->input_name, strdata, size);
  (*device)->input_name[size] = '\0';

  return CUBEB_OK;
#endif
}

int audiounit_stream_device_destroy(cubeb_stream * /* stream */,
                                    cubeb_device * device)
{
  delete [] device->output_name;
  delete [] device->input_name;
  delete device;
  return CUBEB_OK;
}

int audiounit_stream_register_device_changed_callback(cubeb_stream * stream,
                                                      cubeb_device_changed_callback device_changed_callback)
{
  /* Note: second register without unregister first causes 'nope' error.
   * Current implementation requires unregister before register a new cb. */
  assert(!stream->device_changed_callback);

  auto_lock lock(stream->mutex);

  stream->device_changed_callback = device_changed_callback;

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_get_devices(std::vector<AudioObjectID> & devices)
{
  OSStatus ret;
  UInt32 size = 0;
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { kAudioHardwarePropertyDevices,
                                     kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                     kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };

  ret = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &adr, 0, NULL, &size);
  if (ret != noErr) {
    return ret;
  }

  uint32_t count = static_cast<uint32_t>(size / sizeof(AudioObjectID));
  if (count == 0) {
    return -1;
  }
  assert(devices.empty());
  devices.resize(count);

  ret = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, devices.data());
  if (ret != noErr) {
    devices.clear();
  }

  return ret;
}

static char *
audiounit_strref_to_cstr_utf8(CFStringRef strref)
{
  CFIndex len, size;
  char * ret;
  if (strref == NULL) {
    return NULL;
  }

  len = CFStringGetLength(strref);
  // Add 1 to size to allow for '\0' termination character.
  size = CFStringGetMaximumSizeForEncoding(len, kCFStringEncodingUTF8) + 1;
  ret = new char[size];

  if (!CFStringGetCString(strref, ret, size, kCFStringEncodingUTF8)) {
    delete [] ret;
    ret = NULL;
  }

  return ret;
}

static uint32_t
audiounit_get_channel_count(AudioObjectID devid, AudioObjectPropertyScope scope)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { 0, scope, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  UInt32 size = 0;
  uint32_t i, ret = 0;

  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyStreamConfiguration;

  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size) == noErr && size > 0) {
    AudioBufferList * list = static_cast<AudioBufferList *>(alloca(size));
    if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, list) == noErr) {
      for (i = 0; i < list->mNumberBuffers; i++)
        ret += list->mBuffers[i].mNumberChannels;
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

static void
audiounit_get_available_samplerate(AudioObjectID devid, AudioObjectPropertyScope scope,
                                   uint32_t * min, uint32_t * max, uint32_t * def)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { 0, scope, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };

  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyNominalSampleRate;
  if (AudioObjectHasProperty(devid, &adr)) {
    UInt32 size = sizeof(Float64);
    Float64 fvalue = 0.0;
    if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &fvalue) == noErr) {
      *def = fvalue;
    }
  }

  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyAvailableNominalSampleRates;
  UInt32 size = 0;
  AudioValueRange range;
  if (AudioObjectHasProperty(devid, &adr) &&
      AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size) == noErr) {
    uint32_t count = size / sizeof(AudioValueRange);
    std::vector<AudioValueRange> ranges(count);
    range.mMinimum = 9999999999.0;
    range.mMaximum = 0.0;
    if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, ranges.data()) == noErr) {
      for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (ranges[i].mMaximum > range.mMaximum)
          range.mMaximum = ranges[i].mMaximum;
        if (ranges[i].mMinimum < range.mMinimum)
          range.mMinimum = ranges[i].mMinimum;
      }
    }
    *max = static_cast<uint32_t>(range.mMaximum);
    *min = static_cast<uint32_t>(range.mMinimum);
  } else {
    *min = *max = 0;
  }

}

static UInt32
audiounit_get_device_presentation_latency(AudioObjectID devid, AudioObjectPropertyScope scope)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { 0, scope, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  UInt32 size, dev, stream = 0, offset;
  AudioStreamID sid[1];

  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyLatency;
  size = sizeof(UInt32);
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &dev) != noErr) {
    dev = 0;
  }

  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyStreams;
  size = sizeof(sid);
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, sid) == noErr) {
    adr.mSelector = kAudioStreamPropertyLatency;
    size = sizeof(UInt32);
    AudioObjectGetPropertyData(sid[0], &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &stream);
  }

  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset;
  size = sizeof(UInt32);
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &offset) != noErr) {
    offset = 0;
  }

  return dev + stream + offset;
}

static int
audiounit_create_device_from_hwdev(cubeb_device_info * ret, AudioObjectID devid, cubeb_device_type type)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { 0, 0, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  UInt32 size, ch, latency;
  CFStringRef str = NULL;
  AudioValueRange range;

  if (type == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT) {
    adr.mScope = kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput;
  } else if (type == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT) {
    adr.mScope = kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput;
  } else {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  ch = audiounit_get_channel_count(devid, adr.mScope);
  if (ch == 0) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  PodZero(ret, 1);

  size = sizeof(CFStringRef);
  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceUID;
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &str) == noErr && str != NULL) {
    ret->device_id = audiounit_strref_to_cstr_utf8(str);
    static_assert(sizeof(cubeb_devid) >= sizeof(decltype(devid)), "cubeb_devid can't represent devid");
    ret->devid = reinterpret_cast<cubeb_devid>(devid);
    ret->group_id = ret->device_id;
    CFRelease(str);
  }

  size = sizeof(CFStringRef);
  adr.mSelector = kAudioObjectPropertyName;
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &str) == noErr && str != NULL) {
    UInt32 ds;
    size = sizeof(UInt32);
    adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyDataSource;
    if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &ds) == noErr) {
      CFStringRef dsname;
      AudioValueTranslation trl = { &ds, sizeof(ds), &dsname, sizeof(dsname) };
      adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyDataSourceNameForIDCFString;
      size = sizeof(AudioValueTranslation);
      // If there is a datasource for this device, use it instead of the device
      // name.
      if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &trl) == noErr) {
        CFRelease(str);
        str = dsname;
      }
    }

    ret->friendly_name = audiounit_strref_to_cstr_utf8(str);
    CFRelease(str);
  }

  size = sizeof(CFStringRef);
  adr.mSelector = kAudioObjectPropertyManufacturer;
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &str) == noErr && str != NULL) {
    ret->vendor_name = audiounit_strref_to_cstr_utf8(str);
    CFRelease(str);
  }

  ret->type = type;
  ret->state = CUBEB_DEVICE_STATE_ENABLED;
  ret->preferred = (devid == audiounit_get_default_device_id(type)) ?
    CUBEB_DEVICE_PREF_ALL : CUBEB_DEVICE_PREF_NONE;

  ret->max_channels = ch;
  ret->format = (cubeb_device_fmt)CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_ALL; /* CoreAudio supports All! */
  /* kAudioFormatFlagsAudioUnitCanonical is deprecated, prefer floating point */
  ret->default_format = CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32NE;
  audiounit_get_available_samplerate(devid, adr.mScope,
      &ret->min_rate, &ret->max_rate, &ret->default_rate);

  latency = audiounit_get_device_presentation_latency(devid, adr.mScope);

  adr.mSelector = kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange;
  size = sizeof(AudioValueRange);
  if (AudioObjectGetPropertyData(devid, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, &range) == noErr) {
    ret->latency_lo = latency + range.mMinimum;
    ret->latency_hi = latency + range.mMaximum;
  } else {
    ret->latency_lo = 10 * ret->default_rate / 1000;  /* Default to 10ms */
    ret->latency_hi = 100 * ret->default_rate / 1000; /* Default to 100ms */
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_enumerate_devices(cubeb * /* context */, cubeb_device_type type,
                            cubeb_device_collection * collection)
{
  std::vector<AudioObjectID> hwdevs;
  uint32_t i;
  OSStatus err;

  err = audiounit_get_devices(hwdevs);
  if (err != noErr) {
    return CUBEB_ERROR;
  }

  auto devices = new cubeb_device_info[hwdevs.size()];
  collection->count = 0;

  if (type & CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT) {
    for (i = 0; i < hwdevs.size(); i++) {
      auto device = &devices[collection->count];
      auto err = audiounit_create_device_from_hwdev(device, hwdevs[i], CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT);
      if (err != CUBEB_OK) {
        continue;
      }
      collection->count += 1;
    }
  }

  if (type & CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT) {
    for (i = 0; i < hwdevs.size(); i++) {
      auto device = &devices[collection->count];
      auto err = audiounit_create_device_from_hwdev(device, hwdevs[i], CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT);
      if (err != CUBEB_OK) {
        continue;
      }
      collection->count += 1;
    }
  }

  if (collection->count > 0) {
    collection->device = devices;
  } else {
    delete [] devices;
    collection->device = NULL;
  }

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static int
audiounit_device_collection_destroy(cubeb * /* context */,
                                    cubeb_device_collection * collection)
{
  for (size_t i = 0; i < collection->count; i++) {
    delete [] collection->device[i].device_id;
    delete [] collection->device[i].friendly_name;
    delete [] collection->device[i].vendor_name;
  }
  delete [] collection->device;

  return CUBEB_OK;
}

static std::vector<AudioObjectID>
audiounit_get_devices_of_type(cubeb_device_type devtype)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress adr = { kAudioHardwarePropertyDevices,
                                     kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal,
                                     kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
  UInt32 size = 0;
  OSStatus ret = AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &adr, 0, NULL, &size);
  if (ret != noErr) {
    return std::vector<AudioObjectID>();
  }
  /* Total number of input and output devices. */
  uint32_t count = (uint32_t)(size / sizeof(AudioObjectID));

  std::vector<AudioObjectID> devices(count);
  ret = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &adr, 0, NULL, &size, devices.data());
  if (ret != noErr) {
    return std::vector<AudioObjectID>();
  }
  /* Expected sorted but did not find anything in the docs. */
  std::sort(devices.begin(), devices.end(), [](AudioObjectID a, AudioObjectID b) {
      return a < b;
    });

  if (devtype == (CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT | CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT)) {
    return devices;
  }

  AudioObjectPropertyScope scope = (devtype == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT) ?
                                         kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput :
                                         kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput;

  std::vector<AudioObjectID> devices_in_scope;
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
    /* For device in the given scope channel must be > 0. */
    if (audiounit_get_channel_count(devices[i], scope) > 0) {
      devices_in_scope.push_back(devices[i]);
    }
  }

  return devices_in_scope;
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_collection_changed_callback(AudioObjectID /* inObjectID */,
                                      UInt32 /* inNumberAddresses */,
                                      const AudioObjectPropertyAddress * /* inAddresses */,
                                      void * inClientData)
{
  cubeb * context = static_cast<cubeb *>(inClientData);
  auto_lock lock(context->mutex);

  if (context->collection_changed_callback == NULL) {
    /* Listener removed while waiting in mutex, abort. */
    return noErr;
  }

  /* Differentiate input from output changes. */
  if (context->collection_changed_devtype == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT ||
      context->collection_changed_devtype == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT) {
    std::vector<AudioObjectID> devices = audiounit_get_devices_of_type(context->collection_changed_devtype);
    /* When count is the same examine the devid for the case of coalescing. */
    if (context->devtype_device_array == devices) {
      /* Device changed for the other scope, ignore. */
      return noErr;
    }
    /* Device on desired scope changed. */
    context->devtype_device_array = devices;
  }

  context->collection_changed_callback(context, context->collection_changed_user_ptr);
  return noErr;
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_add_device_listener(cubeb * context,
                              cubeb_device_type devtype,
                              cubeb_device_collection_changed_callback collection_changed_callback,
                              void * user_ptr)
{
  /* Note: second register without unregister first causes 'nope' error.
   * Current implementation requires unregister before register a new cb. */
  assert(context->collection_changed_callback == NULL);

  AudioObjectPropertyAddress devAddr;
  devAddr.mSelector = kAudioHardwarePropertyDevices;
  devAddr.mScope = kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal;
  devAddr.mElement = kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster;

  OSStatus ret = AudioObjectAddPropertyListener(kAudioObjectSystemObject,
                                                &devAddr,
                                                audiounit_collection_changed_callback,
                                                context);
  if (ret == noErr) {
    /* Expected empty after unregister. */
    assert(context->devtype_device_array.empty());
    /* Listener works for input and output.
     * When requested one of them we need to differentiate. */
    if (devtype == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT ||
        devtype == CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT) {
      /* Used to differentiate input from output device changes. */
      context->devtype_device_array = audiounit_get_devices_of_type(devtype);
    }
    context->collection_changed_devtype = devtype;
    context->collection_changed_callback = collection_changed_callback;
    context->collection_changed_user_ptr = user_ptr;
  }
  return ret;
}

static OSStatus
audiounit_remove_device_listener(cubeb * context)
{
  AudioObjectPropertyAddress devAddr;
  devAddr.mSelector = kAudioHardwarePropertyDevices;
  devAddr.mScope = kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal;
  devAddr.mElement = kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster;

  /* Note: unregister a non registered cb is not a problem, not checking. */
  OSStatus ret = AudioObjectRemovePropertyListener(kAudioObjectSystemObject,
                                                   &devAddr,
                                                   audiounit_collection_changed_callback,
                                                   context);
  if (ret == noErr) {
    /* Reset all values. */
    context->collection_changed_devtype = CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
    context->collection_changed_callback = NULL;
    context->collection_changed_user_ptr = NULL;
    context->devtype_device_array.clear();
  }
  return ret;
}

int audiounit_register_device_collection_changed(cubeb * context,
                                                 cubeb_device_type devtype,
                                                 cubeb_device_collection_changed_callback collection_changed_callback,
                                                 void * user_ptr)
{
  OSStatus ret;
  auto_lock lock(context->mutex);
  if (collection_changed_callback) {
    ret = audiounit_add_device_listener(context, devtype,
                                        collection_changed_callback,
                                        user_ptr);
  } else {
    ret = audiounit_remove_device_listener(context);
  }
  return (ret == noErr) ? CUBEB_OK : CUBEB_ERROR;
}

cubeb_ops const audiounit_ops = {
  /*.init =*/ audiounit_init,
  /*.get_backend_id =*/ audiounit_get_backend_id,
  /*.get_max_channel_count =*/ audiounit_get_max_channel_count,
  /*.get_min_latency =*/ audiounit_get_min_latency,
  /*.get_preferred_sample_rate =*/ audiounit_get_preferred_sample_rate,
  /*.get_preferred_channel_layout =*/ audiounit_get_preferred_channel_layout,
  /*.enumerate_devices =*/ audiounit_enumerate_devices,
  /*.device_collection_destroy =*/ audiounit_device_collection_destroy,
  /*.destroy =*/ audiounit_destroy,
  /*.stream_init =*/ audiounit_stream_init,
  /*.stream_destroy =*/ audiounit_stream_destroy,
  /*.stream_start =*/ audiounit_stream_start,
  /*.stream_stop =*/ audiounit_stream_stop,
  /*.stream_get_position =*/ audiounit_stream_get_position,
  /*.stream_get_latency =*/ audiounit_stream_get_latency,
  /*.stream_set_volume =*/ audiounit_stream_set_volume,
  /*.stream_set_panning =*/ audiounit_stream_set_panning,
  /*.stream_get_current_device =*/ audiounit_stream_get_current_device,
  /*.stream_device_destroy =*/ audiounit_stream_device_destroy,
  /*.stream_register_device_changed_callback =*/ audiounit_stream_register_device_changed_callback,
  /*.register_device_collection_changed =*/ audiounit_register_device_collection_changed
};
